HISTORY OF GINSENG
Through experiences of private doctors, ginseng had proved its effectiveness since a few thousand years ago, begun to record its name in Oriental Medicine Books, been treated as a miraculous medicine, and paid a valuable contribute to successive royal family.
Beginning by wild ginseng, it had cultivated from the 16B.C. and recorded as a marvelous medicine in almost all Oriental medicine books from several hundred years ago.
Nowadays lots of thesis have been published concerning its effectiveness by scholars in and abroad and strengthen its foothold by degrees contributing to the health of mankinds.

GINSENG CULTIVATION
After raising seeds for 18 months in seedbed, transplant them to main seedbed and raise 4-6 years.
Unlike other plants, ginseng should get sterilized and fertilized many times more than a year at well-drained slanted main seedbed.
Since ginseng is shaded ground plant, ginseng field should be roofed to shut off sunlight.
Because it is almost impossible to get mechanization work in ginseng field, it should depend upon handworks, should use natural manure, is vulnerable to blight and insects, also require lots of manpower and technology for cultivation, so it is not cultivated more than 15 years once it is cultivated.

EFFECTS OF KOREAN GINSENG
EFFECTS OF GINSENT ON HEPATOPATHY

• Ginseng extracts have the function of stimulation biosynthesis of RNA, serum protein, and bone-marrow DNA.
• Through serological experiments, it was observed that a commonly used hepatitis remedy supplemented with ginseng promoted the recovery of B-type viral hepatitis, toxic and drug induced hepatitis.
• It was reported that Ginseng extracts reduced induction of alcoholic anesthesia and maintenance and shortened recovery time.

CLINICAL EFFECT OF GINSENG ON DIABETES MELLITUS

• It was reported that ginseng saponin components were effective in the induction of hyperglycaemia by adrenalin.
• It was revealed that ginseng was effective in the relief of general subjective symptom and lowered the blood sugar level.
• It was reported that using ginseng supplemented with insulin could reduce the required insulin dosage.

EFFECTS OF GINSENG ON CANCER

• It was reported that fat-soluble components of ginseng inhibited the growth of three types of cancer cells (Leukemic cells L5178Y, Hella cells, and Sarcoma 180 cells) in vivo and in vitro.
• Ginseng inhibited subjectively the growth of cancer cells only and destroyed cancer tissues.
• Saponin was orally administered for 30 days at dose of 200 mg/day to breast cancer patients(54)have high fever caused by overdose radiation. As the result, the high fever was cleared, appetite improved, and leucocyte count and hemogram normalized.
• As a result of dressing 8g of ointment daily for 90days made from saponin only to adbomina wound of the patient carried metastasis into cancerous peritonitis and skin cancer caused by stomach cancer, it had not been develop did not be shown process of cancer metastasis.

EFFECTS OF GINSENG OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS AND HYPERTENTION

• It was observed the preventive effect of ginseng saponin against aortic atheroma formation caused by hyperchoiesterolemia ginseng saponin might stimulate the enzymes relating to the metabolism of lipids, particulary choleterol.
• It was reported that ginseng saponin stimulated the activity of enzymes relating to the metabolism of lipid, and reduced the cholesterol level in blood.
• Ginseng sponin has preventive effect against the formation of aortic atheroma. It was reported that the active components of ginseng enhanced cholesterol turnover and thus improved the hyperlipidemia, which is the major detrimental factor of arteriosclerosis.
• The administration of ginseng principles reduced the total cholesterol and triglyceride level in blood and accelerated the depletion of serum colesterol.
• Ginseng components also accelerated the excretion of cholesterol metabolites and bile acids in faces.

ANTI-FATIQUE EFFECTS OF GINSENG

• It was reported that the anti-fatique effect of ginseng extracts which might arise from their inhibitory action on utilization of endogenous glycogen in white muscle and lipid oxidation caused during continuous exerc-ise.
• A total of 11 elderymen receiving ginseng extract were subjected to exercise. Ginseng exerted an adaptoge-nic effect during exercise, and shortened the heart rate recovery time.
• The anti-fatique effect of ginseng was demonstrated through performance studies dose on radio oporators and on nurses and swimmers by Yamada.

STUDIES ON THE ANTISTRESS MECHANISM OF GINSENG

• It was reported that ginseng that saponin exerted its effect on the hypothalamohypo-physical system, thus stimulating the secretion of ACTH, which it turn acted on the adrenal cortex to produce cyclic AMP. Then, the cyclic AMP induced synthesis and secretion of corticosteroid, giving rise to an increase in PLA-sma cortisone concenturation.
• Its effects was confirmed, after administration of ginseng saponin to the mouse through determination the concenturation of plasma ACTH by radio immuno-assay and competitive protein binding method.
• Nurses(both sexes)suffering from night duty were given ginseng powder on a double blind, randomized, basis, and their blood was analyzed for several metabolites and bomonal parameters. Ginseng corrected the blood sugar level raised by stress.

CARDIOTONIC EFFECTS OF GINSENG

• Cardiac hypertrophy was induced by artificial surgery in rabbits, thus as the result of investigation effects between receiving ginseng group and control group, it was more evident in rabbits receiving ginseng.
• Cardiac hypertrophy was significantly prevented in test animals receiving ginseng for 6 weeks before and after the operation.
• This finding was attributed to and increaced Ca⁺⁺uptake in the cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum and cellular membranes.

TONIC EFFECTS OF GINSENG

• Fraction 4, isolated from ginseng extract, stimulated in vivo synthesis of DNA and protein in testis.
• Ginsenoside-triol(0.23g/day)was orally administrated to the 120 gynecologically-laparotomized patiens. As the result, the evident effects of recovery were confirmed on various clinical symptoms.
• The extent of elevation of the serum cholesterol level was significantly lower in patients receiving ginseng, and the total serum protein level was more significantly elevated in the finseng-treated group than in the control.